Both the troops loyal to the former ruler Muammar Gaddafi and the forces that fought to oust him committed crimes against humanity and war crimes, reports the United Nations-mandated commission of inquiry that probed human rights abuses in Libya. A summary of the findings of the International Commission of Inquiry on Libya says: 'Acts of murder, enforced disappearance and torture were perpetrated within the context of a widespread or systematic attack against a civilian population.'