In January 2006, the United Nations Inter-Agency Network on Women and Gender Equality (IANWGE) and the Network on Gender Equality of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) held a joint meeting on the implications of the new aid modalities for the achievement of gender equality. This aide-memoire, written in preparation of the meeting, argues that new aid modalities may have limited or adverse effects on developing countries if they do not take into account gender perspectives and the rights and interests of women.