Conflicts between African lions and human communities threaten the lion's survival throughout its range. A new study by Earthwatch Institute-supported scientists working in the Tsavo region of Kenya investigates the annual toll on livestock and provides a hopeful model for coexistence through compensation and seasonal livestock management. The study, published online in the journal Biological Conservation, concludes that $8,749 would be needed annually to offset the economic damage of a vigorous population of 26 adult lions inhabiting two ranches in Kenya totalling 160,000 acres.