Access to antiretroviral treatment must be drastically scaled up as a key challenge of the response to the HIV/AIDS crisis. Prevention and treatment must be seen as two sides of the same coin; antiretroviral treatment improves and extends lives, and provides a boost to prevention strategies. The second challenge is the increasing impact of the epidemic on African women; because women are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS, there must be an additional focus on women in the African response. Thirdly, the humanitarian crisis in southern Africa has brought into sharp relief the need to integrate the HIV/AIDS response with broader development and humanitarian initiatives. This is according to a report produced by UNAIDS that aims to highlight successful initiatives against AIDS across Africa.