A recent report by Friends of the Earth International argues that an analysis of historical responsibility leads to the conclusion that compensation based on ecological debt should be added to a rights- based approach for determining fair shares of environment space. In its analysis, it observes that issues related to past and present contributions to the climate crisis as well as actions that have undermined development opportunities in poor countries, have yet to be adequately recognized and addressed by the Kyoto protocol. The report presents the relationship between historical responsibility and climate debt as it has evolved from the focus on ecological debt and climate justice to where it stands today. Recommendations for a just and equitable climate framework are made.