For Africa to move forward out of stagnation means Africans all over Africa should move beyond pettiness and babyness. The world is changing and with the change is the reality of integration and intermingling of the races. This new age integration and intermingling of the races especially Black and White has always been in existence previously. It started with the moving into Africa by European adventurers in the 13th and 14th century.

The moving into Africa of these Europeans and the subsequent intermingling of Black and White was characterized by animosity and such hatred such that the Europeans abhorred the Africans in such a way that they called them Monkeys and Apes. The reduction of Africans by Europeans to animalism eventually let to Africans transported like donkeys to Europe and America's as slaves.

* For the rest of this response to Issa Shivji's article, The “Second Great Boer Trek” (http://www.pambazuka.org/index.php?id=28321) and a response from Pambazuka News, please click on the link below.

EDITORS' COMMENT: It is surprising how many people seem to have missed the point of Issa Shivji's article. He wrote about the penetration of South African capital into the rest of Africa, the growing sub-imperial role of capital into the region, and its consequent growing dominance within the region's economies without necessarily a concurrent development of productive forces. This is not a matter of white penetration of Africa. We strongly recommend readers to re-read Shivji's important contribution. It has a direct bearing on the struggle for emancipation and self determination.