Making a submission at a Transparency International -Zambia seminar on political parties' role in the fight against electoral corruption, Gen. Chinkuli said prior to 1991 the electorate never used to demand bribes for them to vote. Gen. Chinkuli said the practice to entice voters and giving them money and chitenge materials to canvas their votes only surfaced when the MMD came into power. "Chiluba brought corruption in 1991."